Table 1 Patient characteristics
|  | N = 61 |  |
|---|---|---|
Age, years | 69 | (63–75) |
Gender, female | 33 | (54.1%) |
Ever-smokers | 26 | (42.6%) |
Underlying diseases | ||
 Autoimmune or collagen vascular diseases* | 36 | (59.0%) |
 Rheumatoid arthritis | 24 | (39.3%) |
 Malignancies** | 20 | (32.8%) |
 Haematological malignancies | 9 | (14.8%) |
 Solid cancers | 11 | (18.0%) |
 Renal diseases | 6 | (9.8%) |
 Renal transplantation | 1 | (1.6%) |
Corticosteroid use | 49 | (80.3%) |
Immunosuppressants use | 20 | (32.8%) |
Chemotherapeutic agents use | 16 | (26.2%) |
TMP/SMX prophylaxis | 2 | (3.3%) |
Initial symptoms | ||
 Cough | 31 | (50.8%) |
 Dyspnoea | 38 | (62.3%) |
 Fever | 48 | (78.7%) |
Initial laboratory findings | ||
 PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 213 | (139–309) |
 AaDO2, mmHg | 49.9 | (27.0–221.1) |
 Alb, g/dL |  | |
 WBC, cell/μL | 7300 | (5600–10,200) |
 BUN | 21 | (16.5–30.5) |
 LDH, IU/L | 366 | (300–489) |
KL-6, IU/μL | 565 | (374–1036) |
 β-D-glucan, pg/mL | 135.7 | (41.4–372.9) |
Diagnostic methods | ||
 BAL | 45 | (73.8%) |
 Sputum | 16 | (26.2%) |
 BALF cytology positive | 17 | (27.9%) |
Treatments | ||
 TMP/SMX | 55 | (90.2%) |
 Atovaquone | 1 | (1.6%) |
 Pentamidine | 3 | (4.9%) |
Treatment-related factors | ||
 Adjuvant corticosteroid treatments | 53 | (86.9%) |
 Mechanical ventilation | 4 | (6.6%) |
Follow-up duration, days | 23 | (18–32) |
In hospital mortality | 19 | (31.1%) |