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Table 2 Association of risk factors with severe adult-onset asthma by using a question-based definition of severe asthma (Sev-Q)

From: Risk factors for severe adult-onset asthma: a multi-factor approach

 

Model 1

Univariate regression model

 

Model 2

Multiple regression model

n = 1173

 
 

OR1 (95% CI)

p1

OR2 (95% CI)

p2

Male sex

    

No

Yes

1

2.12 (1.41–3.20)

 < .001

1

1.96 (1.16–3.30)

.011

Age1

    
 

1.033 (1.02–1.05)

 < .001

1.002 (0.98–1.03)

.88

BMI1

    
 

1.010 (0.97–1.06)

.66

Not entered

 

Baccalaureate/secondary school

    

No

Yes

1

0.50 (0.31–0.82)

.006

1

0.88 (0.48–1.65)

.70

Professional training

    

No

Yes

1

0.51 (0.33–0.80)

.003

1

0.62 (0.36–1.05)

.074

Ever smokers

    

No

 Yes

1

2.10 (1.32–3.32)

.002

1

1.98 (1.11–3.52)

.020

1st child

    

No

Yes

1

0.69 (0.42–1.12)

.14

Not entered2

 

 ≥ 2 siblings

    

No

Yes

1

2.66 (1.37–5.20)

.004

1

2.51 (1.17–5.41)

.018

Growing up in the countryside/on a farm

    

No

Yes

1

1.29 (0.77–2.17)

.34

Not entered

 

Severe childhood infections2

    

No

Yes

1

0.60 (0.32–1.15)

.13

1

0.55 (0.26–1.14)

.11

Parental smoking

    

No

Yes

1

1.05 (0.70–1.58)

.82

Not entered

 

Parental asthma and/or allergy

    

No

Yes

1

0.76 (0.48–1.19)

.22

Not entered

 

NERD

    

No

Yes

1

2.13 (1.25–3.63)

.005

1

3.29 (1.75–6.19)

 < .001

CRSwNP

    

No

Yes

1

0.57 (0.26–1.26)

.17

1

0.54 (0.22–1.30)

.17

 ≥ 1 other disease 3

    

No

Yes

1

2.97 (1.67–5.28)

 < .001

1

2.68 (1.35–5.31)

.005

 ≥ 1 other allergic disease (AR/AC/AD)

    

No

Yes

1

0.82 (0.54–1.25)

.36

Not entered

 
  1. Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level
  2. Model 1 = univariate analysis. Model 2 = multivariable analysis by the eleven variables that were associated at the p < 0.2 level in Model 1. NERD = patient-reported NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease; CRSwNP = chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; AR = allergic rhinitis; AC = allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, AD = atopic dermatitis. 1continuous variables. 2The variables “1st child” and “ ≥ 2 siblings” correlated (p < 0.01, r = − 0.42, by Pearson’s correlation test); hence, to avoid multicollinearity, only the statistically significant variable “ ≥ 2 siblings” was added into the multivariable model. 2pneumonia before or during school age and/or hospitalization due to infection at ≤ 3 years of age.  3Hypertension (n = 298), coronary artery disease (n = 120), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 60), psychiatric disorder (n = 86), diabetes (n = 54), glaucoma (n = 49), back disease (n = 367), arthritis (n = 244), empyema (n = 106), other chronic disease(s) except chronic bronchitis/bronchiectasis (n = 449). Education level = baccalaureate/secondary versus primary school; professional training = completed professional college/university/courses/trade school versus no professional training. OR = odds ratio. CI = confidence interval. Severe asthma (Sev-Q) was defined as self-reported severe asthma and asthma symptoms causing much harm and regular impairment and ≥ 1 oral corticosteroid course/year or regular oral corticosteroids and/or waking up in the night due to asthma symptoms/wheezing ≥ a few times/month
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

ISSN: 1471-2466

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